chronic-disease

1. In this cross-sectional study, there was a 57% increase in new-onset Type 1 Diabetes diagnoses in children at a tertiary care hospital during a 12-month period of the COVID-19 pandemic. 2. Incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis on presentation increased from 41% to 50%. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) Study Rundown: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is […]

1. Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 receiving at least one dose of molnupiravir did not show reduced mortality compared to patients receiving placebo treatment. 2. Molnupiravir was not associated with any dose-limiting side effects. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Molnupiravir is a small molecule that interferes with the viral genome replication process in RNA […]

1. The use of a neoadjuvant gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy before surgery and adjuvant gemcitabine increased the overall survival rate when compared to upfront surgery and adjuvant gemcitabine. 2. Patients in the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy groups had more R0 resections than patients receiving upfront surgery and adjuvant gemcitabine. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Past randomized control […]

1. Betibeglogene autotemcel (beti-cel) gene therapy resulted in sustained hemoglobin A with a T87Q amino acid substitution (HbAT87Q) in non-β0/β0 genotype patients. 2. The gene therapy resulted in a total hemoglobin level sufficient for transfusion independence in these patients. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: β-thalassemia is caused by β-globin gene mutations, leading to […]

1. GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as semaglutide, and phentermine-topiramate were shown to cause the greatest percent decrease in body weight. 2. GLP-1 receptor agonists, phentermine-topiramate, and naltrexone-bupropion were also associated with increased adverse effects. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: Over two-thirds of Americans are considered to be in the overweight or obese body-mass […]

1. This secondary analysis of the SPRINT cohort study demonstrated that type 2 and 4 angiotensin II receptor (AT2R/AT4R)-stimulating antihypertensives decreased the risk of amnestic mild cognitive impairment or probable dementia by approximately 25% compared to AT2R/AT4R-inhibiting antihypertensives. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) Study Rundown: Hypertension is a well-known, highly prevalent, modifiable risk for dementia. […]

1. Low quality evidence demonstrates that knee extensor muscle weakness increased the odds of symptomatic and radiographic knee osteoarthritis in men and women. 2. In women with a previous knee injury, low quality evidence shows no association between knee extensor muscle weakness and symptomatic and radiographic tibiofemoral osteoarthritis. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) Knee osteoarthritis […]

1. Patients in the thrombectomy group reported a greater independence in daily living compared to those receiving best medical therapy alone. 2. 90-day mortality did not differ between the thrombectomy and best medical therapy groups. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: There exists extensive evidence around the use of mechanical thrombectomy for patients with […]

1. The mRNA-1273 vaccine was shown to reduce the absolute risk of Covid-19-related outcomes in U.S. veterans compared to BNT162b2 vaccine. 2. Both mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines were shown to reduce the absolute risk of Covid-19-related outcomes in U.S. veterans. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good)      Study Rundown: To help combat the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic, messenger […]

1. Pathogenic variants of BRCA1 or BRCA2 are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic and stomach cancer in both sexes 2. Only BRCA2 carriers have an increased risk of prostate cancer Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) Study Rundown: Pathogenic variants (PVs) of BRCA1 and BRCA2 are known to be associated with an increased risk […]

1. Extreme prematurity was associated with an increased prevalence of visual and ocular deficits, suggesting children born extremely preterm may have residual ophthalmic sequelae persisting into adulthood. 2. These findings emphasized the need for screening and management of any deficits as they evolve long-term at a population-level. Evidence Rating Level: 2 (Good) Study Rundown: Although […]

1. In very young children with type 1 diabetes, a hybrid closed-loop therapy provided significantly improved glycemic children. 2. The hybrid closed-loop therapy did not significantly increase the time spent in hypoglycemia in very young children with type 1 diabetes. Evidence Rating Level: 1 (Excellent) Study Rundown: In very young children, managing Type 1 Diabetes […]

1. Treatment with alectinib reduced CNS lesion sizes and significantly improved symptoms, ECOG performance scores and requirements for mannitol and corticosteroids in patients with metastases from non-small cell lung cancer. Evidence Level Rating: 2 (Good) Central nervous system metastases are highly prevalent in patients with ALK gene mutations driving advanced non-small cell lung cancer despite […]